Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development in Southwest China

JIANCHU XU, Ph.D.

Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge (CBIK)

Building B, Zhonghuandasha, Yanjiadi, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P. R. China

Tel:+86-871 4123519, Fax:+86-871 4124871
Email: xujianchu@cbik.ac.cn

http://www.cbik.org/

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS

NGO initiative: Established first NGO in China working with indigenous people for cultural survival, biodiversity conservation and sustainable livelihood.

Extensive consultant experience: for DFID, ADB, GEF, GTZ (German), European Union, Netherlands, WWF, other bilateral projects and international donors on biodiversity conservation, indigenous knowledge, ecosystem management, participatory assessment, planning and technology development.

Interdisciplinary experiences: 17 years extensive field experiences in Southwest China and Mainland Southeast Asian Countries in interdisciplinary team building, research designing and methodology development.

Research experience: coordinated 20 projects on ethnobotanical inventory, biodiversity conservation, biological resources management, poverty alleviation, community development, watershed management and ecosystem rehabilitation and published 8 monographs and 60 papers.

Teaching experience: supervised more than 6 foreign students and 10 Chinese students for MS degree and Ph.D. program.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATION

Professor, Department of Plant Geography and Ethnobotany, Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Executive Director, Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge

Vice Chair of Board (1999-present), Regional Community Forestry Training Center for Asia and the Pacific (RECOFTEC)

Board of Directors (1998-2000), Conservation and Development Forum (CDF), USA

Board Member, International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE)

Scientific Steering Committee, LUCC-IGBP/IHDP, Land-Use and Land-Cover Change, International Geosphere-Biosphere Global Change Program, German (1999-2005)

Committee members, Ecosystem Management Committee, Indigenous People Advisory Group, IUCN

Committee member, Yunnan Participatory Rural Appraisal Network, China

EDUCATION

Ph.D. (Environment and Resource), 2001, China Agriculture University

Diploma (Environmental Studies), 1991-1992, University of the Philippines

MS (Ethnoecology), 1988-1990, Graduate School of Academia Sinica

BS ( Horticulture),1982-1986, Nanjing Agriculture University

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

Chairman, Organizing committee, The III Montane Mountain Southeast Asia Conference, 22-29, August, 2002, Lijiang, Yunnan, China.

Chairman, Organizing committee, Culture and Biodiversity International Congress 2000, 20-30 July, 2000, Kunming, Xishuangbanna, Diqing, Yunnan China

Team leader for Policy Review and Institutional Capacity Analysis, DFID project on Yunnan Environmental Development Program, November, 2001-Febuary 2002.

Team leader, GEF project on “Yunnan Bio-resource Conservation and Development”, October-December, 2000.

Chairman, Organizing committee, Culture and Biodiversity International Congress 2000, 20-30 July, 2000, Kunming, Xishuangbanna, Diqing, Yunnan China

Consultant for GTZ Project "Tropical Forest Ecosystems Management, Xishuangbanna", on Participatory Technology Development, October 14^th-December 10^th, 1999.

Consultant for European Union Project "Honghe Environmental Protection and Economic Development" on participatory planning on watershed management in Yuanyang County, water resource management in Honghe County, and protected area management in Jinping County, December, 1999 to January, 1999.

Consultant for European Union Project "Honghe Environmental Protection and Economic Development" on Training for Participatory Area Management Planning, October-November, 1998.

Consultant for Dutch Project "Forest Conservation and Community Development" on Training Needs Assessment and Institutional Development, July 20-Augutst 15, 1998.

Consultant for European Union on Indigenous Knowledge of Farming System, Watershed Management and Landuse Planning, Identification and Orientation Mission for Honghe Environmental Protection and Economic Rehabilitation, July-August, 1996 and February-March, 1997.

Consultant for Netherlands Government on Landuse, Biodiversity Conservation and Community Forest Management, Identification Mission for the Project on Tropical Forest Conservation and Community Development in Yunnan, China, May, 1996.

Consultant for WWF regional training program, Integrated Conservation and Development Program (ICDP), 1995.

INTERDISCIPLINARY EXPERIENCE

As an ethnobotanist, trained in many disciplines during degree and training courses, has intensive field and international exposure to cross-culture and cross-border comparison. Intensive field experience in southeast Asian countries. Participatory research and planning have been applied many international donors supported action oriented projects on community forest management, rehabilitation of degraded lands, watershed management, policy formulation on conservation and development. His research experiences on conservation, forestry, GIS and landuse planning have great contribution and impacts on local and national decision-making process in China, and regional collaboration within Southeast Asia. His interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral experiences have been well recognized by many international NGOs and Donors.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Co-coordinator, Support of Indigenous Knowledge for the Use and Conservation of Biodiversity in

Three Ecological Regions of SW China , Supported by GTZ, 2001-2002

Coordinator, Indigenous Initiatives for Sustainable Livelihood in Mountain region, supported by Miseror, German, 2002

Co-coordinator, Impacts of Logging Ban on Local Communities in Yunnan, supported by the Ford

Foundation, 2000

Co-coordinator, Impacts of Logging Ban on Local Communities in Yunnan, supported by the Ford Foundation, 2000

Coordinator, Impact Analysis, Biodiversity Module, Northwest Yunnan Great Rivers Conservation and Development Project, The Nature Conservancy and Yunnan Planning Commission, 1999-2000.

Coordinator, Sociocultural Context of Biological Resource Management in Southwest China, supported by the Ford Foundation, 1998-2000.

Coordinator, Alternatives and Indigenous Innovations to Swidden-fallow Agroforestry in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, Supported by the Ford Foundation, 1996-1999.

Country Coordinator, People and Resource Dynamics in Mountain Watersheds in the Hindu Kush Himalayas, Supported by IDRC and SDC through ICIMOD, 1996-1998.

Coordinator, GIS Evaluation of Biodiversity in Lancang(Mekong, Yunnan Section) Watershed, Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1997-1999.

Coordinator, Institutional grant of WWF Russell E. Train Education for Natural Program, 1997.

Coordinator, Ethnobotany Specialist, Study on Ethnobotany of Taro (Colocasia esculenta), Supported by IPGRI, 1996-1997.

Coordinator, Forest and Land Management, Participatory Rural Appraisal Network in Yunnan, Supported by the Ford Foundation, 1995-1997(first phase), 1998-2000(second phase).

Coordinator, Participatory Biodiversity Assessment and Geographic Information System (GIS) Application for Community-based Resource Management, Supported by Ford Foundation, 1994 to 1996.

National coordinator, Transboundary Biodiversity Conservation and Community Development between China, Vietnam and Myanmar, Supported by MacArthur Foundation, 1995 to 1997 (1st phase), 1998-2000 ( 2^nd phase).

Co-Coordinator, Wasteland Specialist, Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands Project, Supported by IDRC through ICIMOD, 1992 to 1995.

Contributor, and International Advisor Group, Conserving Agrobiodiversity: A Source Book for Development Workers.

PUBLICATIONS AND PAPERS

Books

1. Xu Jianchu, Zuo Ting and Yang Yongping, editors, 2001, The Socio-Cultural Perspectives of Bio-Resource Management in Southwest China, Yunnan Press of Sciences and Technology.

2. Xu Jianchu, editor, 2000, Links between Cultures and Biodiversity: Proceedings of Cultures and Biodiversity International Congress 2000, July 20-30, Yunnan, P.R. China, Yunnan Press of Sciences and Technology.

3. Xu Jianchu, editor, 2000, Ethnobotany and Sustainable Management of Biological Resources, Yunnan Press of Sciences and Technology (in Chinese)

4. Li X.Y., Xu J.C., and Lu Xing, (eds), 1999, Who Leads to Development, Practices of Participatory Rural Development in China, China Agriculture Press (in Chinese).

5. Xu J.C.(editor), 2000, Ethnobotany and Sustainable Use of Plant Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Press of Sciences and Technology (in Chinese).

6. Lu X., Xu J.C., and Zhou J.Q., (eds) 1996, Status of Community Forestry in Yunnan, China, Yunnan University Press (in Chinese).

7. Pei S.J., Xu J.C. et al (eds), 1997, Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Education Publishing House (in Chinese).

8. Xu J.C. & M. Ruscoe, 1992. The Use of Indigenous Knowledge in Agroecosystem Management for Biodiversity Conservation, IESAM, University of the Philippines, and Ford Foundation, ISBN 971-547-026-2.

Papers:

9. Xu Jianchu and Andreas Wilkes, 2003, Biodiversity Impact Analysis in Northwest Yunnan, China, Biodiversity and Conservation, (accepted in press).

10. Xu Jianchu and Andreas Wilkes, 2002, People and Ecosystems in Mountain Landscape of Northwest Yunnan, Southwest China: Causes of Biodiversity Loss and Ecosystem Degradation, in Global Environmental Research, Vol.6 No1. pp:103-110.

11. Xu Jianchu, Yang Yongping, et al. 2001, Genetic Diversity in Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) in China: An Ethnobotanical and Genetic Approach, Economic Botany 55(1);

12. Lambin E.F., Turner II B.L., Geist H., Agbola S., Angelsen A., Bruce J.W., Coomes O., Dirzo R., Fischer G., Folke C., George P.S., Homewood K., Imbernon J., Leemans R., Li X., Moran E.F. Mortimore M., Ramakrishnan P.S., Richards J.F., Skånes H., Steffen W., Stone G.D., Svedin U., Veldkamp T., Vogel C., Xu J., 2001. Our Emerging Understanding of the Causes of Land-Use and -Cover Change. Global Environmental Change. 11(2001)261-269

13. Xu J.C., Jefferson Fox, et al. 1999, Effects of Swidden Cultivation, State Policies and Customary Institutions on Land Cover in a Hani Village, Yunnan, Mountain Research and Development, Vol.19 No.2, 1999, pp 123-132.

14. Xu J.C., 1998. From Shifting Cultivation to Community Forestry: a trend of forest resource management in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, Paper presented at the 2^nd National Workshop in Social Forestry, Beijing, October 7-9, 1998.

15. Xu, J.C., 1998. Quantitative Study in Ethnobotany, in Chapter 7 of Applied Ethnobotany, edited by Pei S.J. & Long C.L., Yunnan Nationality Press.

16. Pei S.J., Xu, J.C., 1998. Biodiversity Study in Swidden Agroecosystems, in Chapter 9 of Applied Ethnobotany, edited by Pei S.J. & Long C.L., Yunnan Nationality Press.

17. Huan H. & Xu J.C., 1999, Indigenous Knowledge: an Inexhaustible ‘information bank’ for Toxin Research, Toxicon.

18. Fu Y.S., Xu J.C. & Xiao D.N., 1999, The Geological Distribution and Cultural Adaptation of Hani People, Ideological Frontier (special issues), pp.326-332.

19. Huan H.Y., Pei S.G. & Xu J.C., 1998, Indigenous Knowledge on “Banlangen” (Baphicacanthus cusia) of the Hani people, Ethnobotany, Vol. 10.

20. Xu J.C., 1998, Transboundary Trade of Forest Products between China and Vietnam, in “Policy Issues of Transboundary Trade in Forest Products in Northern Vietnam, Lao PDR and Yunnan PRC” (Vol II), edited by Deanna Donovan, pp. 63-74, East-West Center and World Resource Institute.

21. Xu J.C., 1997. State Policy and Community Participation in Forest Conservation and Management in Mainland Southeast Asia: An Overview. Paper Presented at Forum ’97: New Linkages in Conservation and Development, Organized by Conservation and Development Forum and the Ford Foundation, 17-22, November, 1997, Istanbul, Turkey.

22. Xu J.C., 1997. An Ethnobotanical Approach to Biodiversity Conservation and Community Development, Paper Presented at China-CGIAR Forum Plenary Session, Organized by Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research and Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. of China. 10-12, November, 1997, Beijing, China.

23. Xu J.C., Yang, Y.P. Pu Y.D., W.G. Ayad & P. Eyzaguirre. 1998. Locating Genetic Diversity in Taro Colocasia esculenta in China: employing an integrated ethnobotanical and genetic approach. Summary in IPGRI Annual Report and full paper submitted to and accepted by Economic Botany. 1999.

24. Xu J.C., 1997. Transboundary Trade of Forest Products between China and Vietnam, Paper Presented at Workshop on Policy Issues of Transboundary Trade in Forest Products in Northern Vietnam, Laos PDR, and Yunnan (PRC), September 14-20, 1997, Hanoi, Vietnam.

25. Xu J.C., 1997. Hani Practices of Intensification of Shifting Cultivation in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China: Rattan and Tea Based Follow Management. Paper Presented at International Workshop on Improved Fallow Management, Organized by ICRAF Regional Office in Bogor, Indonesia, June 23-July 8, 1997.

26. Xu J. C. & Pei S.J., 1997. People, Policy, Protection and Poverty: Transboundary Biodiversity Maintenance and Conservation in-between China, Vietnam and Myanmar, Paper Presented at the MacArthur Grantee Meeting in Kunming, April 7-11, 1997, Green lake Hotel.

27. Xu J.C., Pei S.J. & Chen S.Y., 1997. Classification and Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp.16-25.

28. Xu J.C. et al., 1997. Indigenous Swidden Agroecosystems in Mengsong Hani Community. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 34-41.

29. Xu J.C., et al., 1997. Quantitative Study of Biodiversity in Fallow Succession of Xishuangbanna. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 42-50.

30. Xu J.C., et al., 1997. Crop and Variety Diversity in Mengsong Swidden Agroecosystems. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 51-58.

31. Chen S.Y., Xu J.C. & Pei S.J., 1997. Rattan Management and Extension in Mengsong Hani Swidden Agroecosystems. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 59-63.

32. Xu J.C. et al., 1997. Swidden Agriculture of Bulang People in Bulang Mountain of Menghai County. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 92-95.

33. Xu J.C., et al., 1997. Swidden Agriculture in the Context of Political Economy. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 163-172.

34. Pei S.J. & Xu J.C., 1997. Biodiversity and Sustainability in Swidden Agroecosystems: A Synthesis. In Collected Research Papers on Biodiversity in Swidden Agroecosystems in Xishuangbanna, Pei S.J. Xu J.C. (eds). Yunnan Education Publishing House, pp. 181-185.

35. Li Y. H. & Xu J.C., 1996. A New Species of Euphorbiaceae from Yunnan Montane Rainforest. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica. 34(3):336-338(1996).

36. Xu J.C., 1996 (One of Contributors). Measures for Conservation of Biodiversity and Sustainable Use of its Components (Section 13), in “Global Biodiversity Assessment. V.H. Heywood (executive editor) & R.T. Watson (Chair)” Published for the United Nations Environment Programme. Cambridge University Press. Pp. 923-1103.

37. Xu J.C., 1996. The Role of Ethnobotany in Biodiversity Conservation and Community Development in Yunnan, Southwest China. Paper presented and collected in the Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Ethnobiology, Sep. 2-6, 1996, Nairobi, Kenya, pp.16.

38. Xu J.C., 1996. Participatory and Quantitative Biodiversity Assessment. Paper presented the People and Plants Training Course on Quantitative Methods in Ethnobiology, August 21-September 1, Kilifi, Kenya.

39. Xu J.C., 1996. The Indigenous Agroforestry of the Hani People in Mengsong Mountain, Yunnan, S.W. China. In Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Ethnobiology, Pei S.J. et al (eds), Yunnan Science and Technology Press, pp.351-355.

40. Xu J.C., Lu X., J. Fox, 1996. Protecting the Commons: A GIS evaluation and community forest management in Xishuangbanna, China. Paper presented at the Sixth Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property, June 5-8, 1996, Berkeley, California.

41. Xu J.C., et al, 1995, Impacts of Population, Policy, and Property Rights on Community Forest Management in Xishuangbanna, China, Presented and collected in the Proceedings of Montane Mainland Southeast Asia in Transition, Chiang Mai University Press, pp. 150-180.

42. Xu J.C. (one of editors), 1996. Plant List in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Nationality Press.

43. Xu J.C., Pei S.J., & Chen S.Y., 1995. From Subsistence to Market-Oriented System and the Impacts on Agroecosystem Biodiversity, in Proceedings of SUAN-ENV Workshop "Regional Study on Biodiversity: Concepts, Frameworks, and Methods", edited by Pei S.J. & P.E. Sajise.

44. Xu J.C., Li Y.H., Pei S.J., Chen S.Y. & Wang K.L., 1995. Swidden-Fallow Succession in the Mengsong Area of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China, in Proceedings "Regional Study on Biodiversity: Concepts, Frameworks, and Methods", edited by Pei S.J. & P.E. Sajise,.

45. Xu J.C., 1995. Diversity in Transitions: Lessons Learned from the Yunnan Uplands in Southwest China. In the proceedings of "Culture in Development and Globalization", pp.421-431.

46. Xu J.C., Tong S.Q., Yang Q.X. & Qiu X.Z., 1994. Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands in Mountain Ecosystems (China site). Paper presented at the International Workshop on Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands in Mountain Ecosystems of the Hindu-Himalayan Region, December 19-22, 1994, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.

47. Xu J.C., Tong S.Q., Yang Q.X. & Qiu X.Z., 1994. Use of Native Plant Species and its Indigenous Knowledge for Rehabilitation of Degraded Mountain Ecosystems. In the proceedings of International Workshop on "Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands in Mountain Ecosystems of the Hindu-Himalayan Region", held in Baoshan, China, December 19-22, 1994, published by ICIMOD, pp.59-69.

48. Pei S.J., Chen S.Y., Wang K.L., Xu J.C. & Xue Jiru, 1994. Ethnobotany of Indigenous Non-wood Forest Products in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan in Southwest China. Paper presented at the IV International Congress of Ethnobiology, November 17-21, 1994, Lucknow, India.

49. Chen S.Y., Pei S.J. & Xu J.C., 1993. Indigenous Management of the Rattan Resources in the Forest Lands of Mountain Environment: the Hani Practice in the Mengsong Area of Yunnan, China. Ethnobotany vol.5

50. Xu J.C., Pei S.J. & Chen S.Y., 1992. The Hani Agroecosystem Analysis in Mengsong Mountain, Yunnan, Southwest China. Bulletin of Institute of Environmental Science and Management, Vol XII.

51. Xu J.C., 1991. Study on the Hani Agroecosystems in the Mengsong Area, Yunnan, China (M.S. thesis).

52. Xu J.C. et al, 1990. Chinese Material Media, Vol.V, Hongkong Commercial Publishing House.

53. Xu J.C., 1988. Study on Traditional Edible Vegetables in Xishuangbanna. Chinese Wild Plants, vol.4.